Tapi kali ini ogut akan berfokus terlebih dahulu pada OpenGL dengan menggunakan Code Block, kenapa itu terjadi, karena Code Block memerlukan resources komputer yang lebih ringan bila dibandingkan dengan Visual Studio, sehingga untuk rekan-rekan yang mempunyai PC atau laptop dengan spesifikasi yang pas-pas-an, masih tetap bisa belajar OpenGL.
OK langsung saja, program kali ini akan meghasilkan tampilan seperti gambar di bawah ini, sebuah bujursangkar atau persegi panjang yang diisi dengan tekstur tapak kucing. Tapak kucing sendiri ogut buat dari sebuat file bitmap 24 bit (klik disini untuk belajar cara membuat file bitmap 24 bit).
Ogut tidak akan menerangkan panjang lebar cara pembuatan program ini, karena sebelumnya ogut pernah bahas di artikel sebelumnya(menggunakan Visual Studio). Proses pembuatannya tidak jauh berbeda sehingga untuk rekan-rekan yang belum mengerti tentang tekstur silahkan klik disini.
Bagaimana rekan-rekan, blog ogut komplit ya. Eh tunggu dulu...bagaimana cara membuat project OpenGL di Code Block ya...???
Ternyata jawabnya ada di link berikut ini...ya pada link tersebut ogut sudah pernah membahas cara membuat project OpenGL dengan menggunakan Code Block.
Sekarang komplit ya ilmu yang ogut bagikan ini, selamat belajar rekan-rekan, semoga artikel ini bermanfaat.
Source code programnya sebagai berikut, Anda dapat men-download-nya pada link di akhir artikel ini.
#include <windows.h>
#include <gl/gl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
GLuint texture;
GLint slices=16;
GLint stacks=16;
struct Image {
unsigned long sizeX;
unsigned long sizeY;
char *data;
};
typedef struct Image Image;
int ImageLoad(char *filename, Image *image)
{
FILE *file;
unsigned long size; // size of the image in bytes.
unsigned long i; // standard counter.
unsigned short int plane; // number of planes in image
unsigned short int bpp; // number of bits per pixel
char temp; // temporary color storage for
// make sure the file is there.
if ((file = fopen(filename, "rb"))==NULL)
{
printf("File Not Found : %s\n",filename);
return 0;
}
// seek through the bmp header, up to the width/height:
fseek(file, 18, SEEK_CUR);
// read the width
if ((i = fread(&image->sizeX, 4, 1, file)) != 1)
{
printf("Error reading width from %s.\n", filename);
return 0;
}
//printf("Width of %s: %lu\n", filename, image->sizeX);
// read the height
if ((i = fread(&image->sizeY, 4, 1, file)) != 1)
{
printf("Error reading height from %s.\n", filename);
return 0;
}
//printf("Height of %s: %lu\n", filename, image->sizeY);
// calculate the size (assuming 24 bits or 3 bytes per pixel).
size = image->sizeX * image->sizeY * 3;
// read the planes
if ((fread(&plane, 2, 1, file)) != 1)
{
printf("Error reading planes from %s.\n", filename);
return 0;
}
if (plane != 1)
{
printf("Planes from %s is not 1: %u\n", filename, plane);
return 0;
}
// read the bitsperpixel
if ((i = fread(&bpp, 2, 1, file)) != 1)
{
printf("Error reading bpp from %s.\n", filename);
return 0;
}
if (bpp != 24)
{
printf("Bpp from %s is not 24: %u\n", filename, bpp);
return 0;
}
// seek past the rest of the bitmap header.
fseek(file, 24, SEEK_CUR);
// read the data.
image->data = (char *) malloc(size);
if (image->data == NULL)
{
printf("Error allocating memory for color-corrected image data");
return 0;
}
if ((i = fread(image->data, size, 1, file)) != 1)
{
printf("Error reading image data from %s.\n", filename);
return 0;
}
for (i=0;i<size;i+=3)
{ // reverse all of the colors. (bgr -> rgb)
temp = image->data[i];
image->data[i] = image->data[i+2];
image->data[i+2] = temp;
}
// we're done.
return 1;
}
Image * loadTexture()
{
Image *image1;
// allocate space for texture
image1 = (Image *) malloc(sizeof(Image));
if (image1 == NULL)
{
printf("Error allocating space for image");
exit(0);
}
//pic.bmp is a 64x64 picture
if (!ImageLoad("bmp64.bmp", image1))
{
exit(1);
}
return image1;
}
void myinit(void)
{
Image *image1 = loadTexture();
if(image1 == NULL)
{
printf("Image was not returned from loadTexture\n");
exit(0);
}
glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
// Create Texture
glGenTextures(1, &texture);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR); //
//scale linearly when image bigger than texture
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR); //
//scale linearly when image smalled than texture
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 3, image1->sizeX, image1->sizeY, 0,
GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, image1->data);
glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_DECAL);
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);
}
void myinit(void);
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC*, HGLRC*);
void DisableOpenGL(HWND, HDC, HGLRC);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
HWND hwnd;
HDC hDC;
HGLRC hRC;
MSG msg;
BOOL bQuit = FALSE;
float theta = 0.0f;
/* register window class */
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_OWNDC;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wcex.lpszClassName = "GLSample";
wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wcex))
return 0;
/* create main window */
hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0,
"GLSample",
"OpenGL Sample",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
512,
512,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL);
ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
/* enable OpenGL for the window */
EnableOpenGL(hwnd, &hDC, &hRC);
myinit();
/* program main loop */
while (!bQuit)
{
/* check for messages */
if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
/* handle or dispatch messages */
if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
{
bQuit = TRUE;
}
else
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
}
else
{
/* OpenGL animation code goes here */
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glPushMatrix();
glRotatef(theta / 5.0, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(0.0f, 0.0f);
glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex2f(0.0f, 1.0f);
glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex2f(1.0f, 1.0f);
glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(1.0f, 0.0f);
glEnd();
glPopMatrix();
SwapBuffers(hDC);
theta += 1.0f;
Sleep (1);
}
}
/* shutdown OpenGL */
DisableOpenGL(hwnd, hDC, hRC);
/* destroy the window explicitly */
DestroyWindow(hwnd);
return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (uMsg)
{
case WM_CLOSE:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
return 0;
case WM_KEYDOWN:
{
switch (wParam)
{
case VK_ESCAPE:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
}
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC* hDC, HGLRC* hRC)
{
PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
int iFormat;
/* get the device context (DC) */
*hDC = GetDC(hwnd);
/* set the pixel format for the DC */
ZeroMemory(&pfd, sizeof(pfd));
pfd.nSize = sizeof(pfd);
pfd.nVersion = 1;
pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER;
pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
pfd.cColorBits = 24;
pfd.cDepthBits = 16;
pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE;
iFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(*hDC, &pfd);
SetPixelFormat(*hDC, iFormat, &pfd);
/* create and enable the render context (RC) */
*hRC = wglCreateContext(*hDC);
wglMakeCurrent(*hDC, *hRC);
}
void DisableOpenGL (HWND hwnd, HDC hDC, HGLRC hRC)
{
wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL);
wglDeleteContext(hRC);
ReleaseDC(hwnd, hDC);
}
Salam
Heriady
heriady.yoh@gmail.com
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